Kevin Rayburs Run :: essays research papers

1968, Six o'clock in the morningThe Olympic village was quiet in its lazy sleep, but Kevin Reybur was already awake, and ready to run. The easy 8-mile morning workout was only a part of the blonde-haired phenomenon's training schedule. Later in the afternoon he would suffer through fifteen miles of pace-work and intervals on the golf cart paths and quiet streets of the peaceful suburbs of Mexico City.Despite his short legs and strong upper body -unusual characteristics for a distance runner- Kevin was really a man born to run. His specialty was the 5000 meter event. By breaking the Southeastern High School Conference record in his junior year, and setting the national record in his senior year, Kevin had the attention of all of the college scouts and was offered full scholarships to many Universities. He chose to attend D.W. Daniel University because they had the best coach in the country; the one man capable of guiding him to the top. Kevin was confident that he would not only beat the best, but also be the best.With no idea of what he would major in, his reality was different from most of his university fellows: he wanted to win, and that is the only thought that consumed his mind and soul. Kevin's performance in collegiate meets got him an invitation to the Olympic Trials, and by winning the trials he earned a spot on the 1968 Olympic team. Just to represent the country in the summer Olympics in Mexico City was never his ambition. He had to win."It's six in the frickin' morning Kevin! Where the hell are you going in this rain?" his roommate Bert cursed." The gold is waiting for me and I can't lose time listening to your complaints, just because it's wet outside. I have to work hard to make up for my lack of pure talent." Kevin replied."Hurghf..." Bert sighed and pushed his head deep into his pillow, as he would do every morning for the two weeks of the 17th modern Olympic Games.Kevin went out in to the bitter morning rain, which quickly soaked through his lucky golden running cap, and covered his head, which was full of thoughts only of the rhythmic pattering of his feet and of the long empty streets ahead. He did not even notice that his toes were wet and blistered. His shoes, well worn from many punishing miles, no longer had the cushioning or fit that he needed.

Diels-Alder reaction Essay

Purpose: In this experiment a Diels-Alder reaction was used to form the products. Cyclopentadiene and maleic anhydride were reacted together to form cis-Norbornene-5,6-endo-dicarboxylic anhydride. 7-oxabicyclo{2.2.1}hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride was also produced through a Diels-Alder reaction with the combination of furan and maleic anhydride. Equation: Procedure: Part 1 In a flask equipped with a septum side arm and topped with distillation heat and a thermometer add 2.5ml of mineral oil. Heat the oil. At the end of the distillation heat place an ice filled beaker. When the oil reaches 250 °C inject 0.6ml of dicyclpentadiene drop wise through septum. Make sure the temperature does not go above 45 °C. The product is then weighed. Part 2 In a reaction tube place 0.20g maleic anhydride and 1.0ml of ethyl acetate then add 1.0ml of hexane. Then add 0.20ml of cyclopentadiene. Cool the tube in an ice bath. Remove solvent from crystals using pipette. Wash crystals with hexanes then remove solvent again. Allow crystals to dry. Part 3 In a flask place 2.4g maleic anhydride and add 20ml of diethyl ether. Dissolve mixture using hot plate then let cool to room temperature. Add 1.8ml of furane to the flask. Wrap the flask with Parafilm after placing a stopper on top of flask. Place the flask under the hood for the next lab period. Upon the return of the next class period the formed crystals were scrapped from the flask. The crystals were then weighed and melting points were observed. Discussion and Conclusion: A Diels-Alder reaction was used to produce the products of this experiment. The first reaction was cyclopentadiene with maleic anhydride to from the product of cis-Norbornene-5,6-endo-dicarboxylic anhydride. Before that could be produced, dicyclopentadiene had to be cracked to get cyclopentadiene for the starting material. Cyclopentadiene and maleic anhydride were mixed together and cooled to room temperature, which produced crystals. The solvent was pipette out of the tube to separate the crystals. The crystals were then scraped on the filter paper to get weight and melting points. The end product yielded 82.6%. The melting point was observed at 162-163 °C. This indicated a close to pure substance with the actual melting point being 165 °C. The second part of the experiment was the reaction of furan with maleic anhydride. This reaction produced 7-oxabicyclo{2.2.1}hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride. Maleic anhydride was combined with diethyl either to dissolve the solid. Then furan was added and place under the hood for the next class period. During this time crystals were formed in the stopped flask. The melting point for the end product was observed at 113-114 °C. This indicated that the product was exo. The percent yield was calculated at 5.98%. There were many sources of error that could have contributed to the results of these experiments. The end product could have cooled a little longer to form more crystals. Also the crystals could have been dried more to produce better melting points. Separating the solvent from the test tube was not completely precise and may  have lost some of the product in the extraction. Scraping the crystals out of the flask or test tube was not easy and some of the product was lost during this step. Overall the experiment was a success. Reference: Williamson, K.; Minard, R.; Masters, K. Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments, 2011. Pg 617-629.

Lean Body Mass in Children with Asthma Controlled by Steroid Therapy A Cross-Sectional Study - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 678 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Health Essay Level High school Tags: Asthma Essay Did you like this example? Childhood asthma is markedly increasing in developing countries. The first line of management according to national asthma guidelines is inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Accurate body composition analysis with persisted asthma controlled by steroid therapy is essential at childhood, as the potential effects of the long-term treatment are still a matter of concern. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Lean Body Mass in Children with Asthma Controlled by Steroid Therapy A Cross-Sectional Study" essay for you Create order Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the total and segmental body composition especially the lean body mass in Egyptian children with asthma receiving inhaled steroid therapy. Methods: Lean body mass was measured by the gold standard, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in a cross-section study of 130 Egyptian pre-pubertal school-aged children (4-12 years); 50 asthmatic children with long-term steroid therapy (for two years) and results were compared with lean body mass values of 50 healthy children. Also, 30 asthmatic children with short-term steroid therapy (less than 6 months) were examined to rule of the duration therapy effect. Results: Asthmatic children received long-term steroid therapy had significantly higher chest lean mass than healthy children, which had highly significant association with weight, height, body mass index (BMI), total lean mass and total fat mass. However, no statistical significance is detected with short-term steroid therapy. Also, there is no significant sex difference. Conclusion: The lean chest mass is increased in children with asthma controlled by long-term steroid therapy, evaluation of those children using DEXA provides an accurate analysis of both total and segmental body composition. Keywords: lean body mass, DEXA, asthma, steroids Introduction Childhood asthma is the most common chronic inflammatory disease of lung [1, 2]. It is characterized by inflammation of airway with episodes of coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath [3]. Proper diagnosis of asthma is essential for the management; to detect accurate treatment and its dose [4]. Asthma cannot be cured, but it can be controlled by medications to reduce symptoms during acute attacks [5]. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are used as long-term controllers to reduce asthma-related morbidity and mortality and improve quality of life. National guidelines recommend corticosteroid therapy as a standard treatment for long-term control of childhood a sthma [6, 7]. Hence, the effects of long-term ICS therapy on asthmatic children must be clearly defined. Analysis of body composition is essential for clinical and research settings [8]. The majority of studies on asthma had concentrated on obesity and used body mass index (BMI) as a fat indicator, its results reflect limitation to predict body fatness and health risks in children; BMI cannot differentiate between muscle and fat mass as well as bone mineral content (BMC), also it cannot measure fat distribution but only indicate fatness in the whole body [9-12]. Alternatively, measurement of body composition by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) provides an accurate assessment of the tissue level [8]. Careful consideration of the body composition changes and differentiation between fat and lean body mass may be an important factor in examining the lung functions in asthmatic children [13, 14]. The aim of this study was to assess the total and segmental body composition especially the lean body mass in Egyptian children with asthma receiving inhaled steroid therapy. Cross section data were collected and reported in this manuscript. Results The present study includes three groups: children with asthma controlled by long-term steroid therapy (32 males and 18 females), healthy children (26 males and 24 females) and children with asthma used short-term steroid therapy (9 males and 21 females). Their mean age of both groups is 8.5 ? ± 3.0 SD. Regarding the frequency distribution of BMI; the asthmatic group of long-term steroid therapy included (42 of normal weight and 8 overweight and obese), while the asthmatic group of short-term steroid therapy included (24 of normal weight and 6 overweight and obese) and the healthy group included (43 normal weight and 7 overweight and obese). The means and standard deviations (SD) of the anthropometric measurements and significant body co mpositions values (lean mass and fat mass) of asthmatic with long-term steroid therapy and the healthy group showed in (Table 1), while between asthmatic with long-term versus short-term steroid therapy shown in (Table 2). These data indicated that weight and BMI were significantly higher in asthmatic patients with long-term steroid therapy compared to healthy group. Therefore, the chest lean mass had significantly higher in the asthmatic group with long-term steroid therapy (P 0.008) comparing to the healthy group, however no statistically significant was detected with short-term steroid therapy. The fat mass had no statistically significant between groups. Also, a comparison between asthmatic with short-term steroid therapy and the healthy group was done with no statistically significant detected. In spite of the absence of significant sex difference, we conducted several additional analyses to find the association between body composition (lean mass especially chest and fat mass) with each other as well as with anthropometric measurements that shown in Table (3), using Pearson's correlations. These data indicated that lean chest, total lean and total fat masses had highly association with weight, height, BMI as well as with each other. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (p-value). Discussion Asthma and obesity represent serious complex chronic health conditions with high prevalence that have been studied in many studies and systematic reviews, reported a significant association between them [16-19]. Obesity considers a significant risk factor of asthma as more frequent symptoms with severe exacerbations could be detected in obsessing child, reduced response to medications as well [20- 25]. The excess fat and lean masses increasing risk of asthma [5]. Careful consideration of the body composition changes during growth and development of a child is essential for prediction of obesity and other health risks latterly in life. Although body mass index (BMI) is used as a fat indicator at many studies, although its limitation to predict body composition and health risks in children; as BMI cannot differentiate between lean and fat masses as well as bone mineral content (BMC), also it cannot measure fat distribut ion but only indicate fatness in the whole body [10-13]. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is used to analyze body composition based on a three-compartment model; fat mass, lean mass and the bone mass. Every compartment has a unique density and attenuates different energy beams; allowing an accurate quantification of each tissue with a convenient analysis of the whole and segmental body composition [14, 26]. Differences of body composition are detected among sex (males and females) at all ages; the included children in this study were selected in a pre-pubertal school-age period to avoid the obvious differences in body composition which emerge at adolescence with greater fat mass within females, while lean mass more prominent within males [27]. Few studies assessed the lean mass; total and regional distribution in children [14, 28, 29]. Some researches indicated the importance of studying thoracic adiposity in asthmatic adults [10, 24]. In this study, the lean chest mass withi n Egyptian asthmatic children was increased, who received long-term inhaled corticosteroids therapy, as steroids had anabolic action on protein metabolism by increasing synthesis and inhibition of breakdown, causing muscle growth. Moreover, the present study revealed a highly positive association between lean mass with weight, height and BMI, this agrees with Granell et al., (2014) that found the increased lean mass and fat mass in high risk asthma in mid-childhood, which persisted to age 15 years in birth cohort study [5]. Jensen et al., in (2014) have assessed the association between lean mass in obese Australia children aged (8-17 years) by DEXA. It was suggested that lean mass may be more important than fat mass in relation to the respiratory function of asthmatic children [14]. Findings of this study showed no significant difference in the fat mass between healthy and asthmatic children received short or long-term inhaled steroid therapy. Consistent results were found in a previous study concluded that short-term treatment with inhaled corticosteroids does not provoke growth alteration and fat accumulation [30]. Studies on obesity with respiratory disorders reported that in addition to the amount of fat m ass is contributing to impaired pulmonary function; fat distribution plays a role as well [22]. Abdominal fat was increased with decreased respiratory functions in asthmatic children [31, 32]. Therefore, it was suggested that children with long-term therapy of asthma accumulate more adipose tissue on the trunk [33, 34]. In conclusion, this cross-sectional study is based on an accurate body composition analysis by (DEXA) that allowing the evaluation of total and segmental body composition in relation to the duration of steroid therapy. The lean chest mass is increased in asthmatic children controlled by long-term steroid therapy. Conflict of interest No conflict of interest associated with this manuscript. Acknowledgments Authors are grateful to all children participated in this study and their parents.

Essay on Native American Ritual Dancing - 3056 Words

Native American Ritual Dancing â€Å"It has often been said that the North American Indians ‘dance out’ their religions† (Vecsey 51). There were two very important dances for the Sioux tribe, the Sun Dance and the Ghost Dance. Both dances show the nature of Native American spirituality. The Ghost Dance and the Sun Dance were two very different dances, however both promote a sense of community. â€Å"The Sun Dance was the most spectacular and important religious ceremony of the Plains Indians of 19th-century North America† (Lawrence 1). The Sun Dance became a time of renewal and thanksgiving for Native Americans. Everyone had a role to play either in the preparation leading up to the dance, or within the dance itself. The†¦show more content†¦In the conversation the Sioux woman has with the tree she explains why they are ‘killing’ it, and what their plans for the tree are. After the tree is cut down, it is not allowed to touch the ground. McGaa states that the men can only set the tree down four times to rest on the way back to the reservation (86). There is an arena set up where the dancing and other activities will take place. Once the cottonwood is brought back, the men place it in the center of this arena. Some fifty men then join the group and raise the tree with rope. Four songs are sung four times to the each of the four winds. Cloth banners representing the four directions are tied to the branches, and then two hides are tied above the cloth (one in the shape of a human and the other of a buffalo). â€Å"The cutouts represent thankfulness. Twelve chokecherry branches are tied crosswise beneath the buffalo and the human images. The branches symbolize the twelve moons, the twelve months of the year† (McGaa 86). The same evening the dancers who will be pierced in the ceremony participate in a Sweat Lodge ceremony. On the first actual ceremonial day of the Sun Dance another Sweat Lodge is held for those men and women who are going to participate in the dancing. A Sweat Lodge is believed to help heal a person spiritually. Groups that participate in Sweat Lodges are supposed to gain empowerment. The dancers then dress and prepare him or her self in the tipi. There is a traditional dressShow MoreRelatedNative American Tradition Culture Of Native Indians1338 Words   |  6 Pagesand music, and Native American is no exception. First, the native music related many aspects such as ritual, life and work. They like to combine music with dance, and the Native American music always created rich percussion instruments. For example, the hand drum, log drum, water drum and rattle, etc. The Powwow is an important festival and ritual for the Native American, and it is a symbol of the tradition culture of Native Indians. Powwow, is a social gathering by the Native American tribes, and theyRead MoreThe Native American Culture Of Native Americans1335 Words   |  6 Pagesand music, and Native American is no exception. First, the native music related many aspects such as ritual, life and work. They like to combine music with dance, and the Native American music always created rich percussio n instruments. For example, the hand drum, log drum, water drum and rattle, etc. Powwow is an important festival and ritual for the Native American, and it is a symbol for the tradition culture of Native Indians. Powwow, is a social gathering by the Native American tribes, and theyRead MoreRitual Dances By Lucile Armstrong1432 Words   |  6 Pagesstarted out as a ritual. According to HistoryWorld â€Å"In most ancient civilization, dance before the god is an important element in the temple ritual†. Ritual dancing bring men as they celebrate their necessities. These necessities include food, shelter, safety, and surviving natural disasters. These ritual dances brought the communities together to celebrate their accomplishments. According to Lucile Armstrong writer of Ritual dances states that â€Å"The first section of will deal with ritual dances not usingRead MoreThe Lakota Tribe Of The Great Plains Essay1336 Words   |  6 Pagespassage include birthdays, graduations, weddings, etc., basically any phase in one s life that gives that individual a new role in society. On the other hand, the rite of purification was to purify one’s mind, body and soul of its impurities. It is a ritual performed to seek the benefits of better health and preventing corruptions spiritually and mentally. An example of a rite of passage is the Vision Quest. The Vision Quest is a very common passage to many people of the Lakota tribe. It was significantRead MoreNative Americans Ways Can Be Super Spiritual1700 Words   |  7 Pages Native Americans ways can be super spiritual. I find the Native American one of the most interesting cultural, but it happens they are the least I known about. I want to focus on is the traditions, rituals and mystics as well. Native Americans cultures and traditions are related to specific individual tribes. These are the indigenous people of North America. I will discuss the Lakota Sundance first and the healing rituals scared Native American ways. Native Americans believe in the Great SpiritRead MoreThe Powwows And The Jingle Dress Dance1092 Words   |  5 PagesA Powwow is a congregation where Native American celebration, singing and dancing take place. Throughout the country there are numerous different powwows; though in this essay I will talk about overall powwows and in details the Jingle Dress Dance which by most accounts has its roots in the northern regions of the United States. Some reports say that the word powwow has its origin from the Pawnee word pa-wa, mean ¬ing â€Å"to eat†, other sources say the word indicates a gathering of people for purposeRead MoreCultural Event Paper741 Words   |  3 PagesA cultural event that I have attended in the past that has had a memorable affect on my life was a Native American Powwow. This event takes place every year, Thanksgiving weekend in Tucson, AZ. I arrived in the late afternoon, as the sun was going down. I remember seeing many different types of people, from tourists to the different Native American performers. The physical setting of this particular celebration was outside, and based around, one main circle. Drums were beating so loud, you couldRead MoreSun Dance Essay716 Words   |  3 Pagesfasting, prayer, dancing, and bodily injury. In exchange the spirits may bestow health and good fortune upon the dancers’ people for the year. The spiritual significance of this exchange was disregarde d by the United States Federal Government and in 1883, Sun Dance was made illegal, along with other Indigenous religious practices. This prohibition was advised by the Bureau of Indian Affairs and was renews in 1904 as well as in 1934. (Britannica) The criminalization of Native American spirituality, danceRead MoreWar Crimes Against Native Americans Essay1062 Words   |  5 PagesWar crimes against Native Americans. Retrieved from http://www.worldfuturefund.org/wffmaster/Reading/war.crimes/US/Indian.Removal.htm Diller, J. V. (2015). Cultural diversity: a primer for the human services. Australia: Cengage Learning. Conversations with Native Americans about mental health needs and community strengths. (March 2009). Retrieved from http://www.dhcs.ca.gov/services/MH/Documents/BP_Native_American Native American communities and mental health. Retrieved from http://wwwRead MoreAnalysis Of Sherman Alexie s The Lone Ranger And Tonto Fistfight 1242 Words   |  5 Pageshighlights the many struggles Native Americans face within their culture while trying to fit into the White culture. The telling of these stories reveals the Hybridity Native Americans have become; with the white ideals creating a people who are a part of two cultures but belong to neither. The use of traditional Native American names and images by the White culture perpetuates a blatant categorization of Native Americans that continues to marginalize them. Native American names including but not limited

Diabetes Mellitus High Levels Of Blood Glucose - 2287 Words

Mika Haekyung Cho CY Diabetes Mellitus Instructor Amanda Salzedo 9/11/14 People who suffer from diabetes have high levels of blood glucose (hyperglycemia) caused by the way the body produces insulin, the way insulin works in the body, or both. After food ingested it is broken down into protein, fats and carbohydrates or glucose. Glucose is used to fuel the cells of the body but the body needs insulin to enable the cells of the body to use glucose as energy. People with diabetes mellitus do not produce enough insulin for the body or the insulin that is produced is ineffective in its role. While diabetes was classified by the requirement of insulin therapy in the past it is now classified by the†¦show more content†¦The National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2014, from the CDC, shows that it affects men and women at about the same rate and the prevalence of this disease increases with age (CDC 2014). Type I or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is caused by the autoimmune destruction of the insulin producing ÃŽ ² cells in the pancreas. Without insulin, the body does not metabolize glucose and this causes hyperglycemia. Type I can occur and develop quickly. Typically, type I diabetes affects people younger than 30 and is sometimes called juvenile-onset diabetes, but it can happen at any age. Type I can occurs when the body’s immune system is triggered to attack the ÃŽ ² cells in the islets of the Langerhans of the pancreas. The ÃŽ ² cells are destroyed or damaged to the point that they cannot create insulin. There is an ongoing search for the triggering factors of this process; so far it is believed that genetics and viral infections are a cause (Van Belle 2011). In type II diabetes, or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), the pancreas does not produce enough insulin; the body becomes resistant to normal or high levels of insulin, or both (McCulloch 2013). Type II accounts for approximately 90% of all diabetes cases. Type II diabetes most often occurs in adults, but because of high obesity rates, teens and young adults are now being diagnosed with it. With type II diabetes, fat, liver, and muscle cells do not respond to insulin. This is called insulin

Review Of Research Evidence On Antecedents â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Review Of Research Evidence On Antecedents? Answer: Introducation Kurt Lewins: Lewin was born in 1890 in Germany but later became an American citizen after emigrating in 1933. He was critical in the development of psychology as the foundation that answers many of the social problems based on theory that is verifiable empirically (Daniels, 2017). He published many academic books and articles and postulated several leadership theories. His theory on leadership is participative in nature. Leadership Model: Three styles of leading were posited by Lewin in 1939. These are the Autocratic, Democratic and Laissez-Faire models. The Autocratic style states that the leaders make decisions without the consultation of other people. The Democratic model involves the input of other people in the process of making decisions in leadership. The Laissez-Faire is where the leader has minimal involvement in marketing decisions, yet retains the final responsibility for the actions taken. Robert House: House received his PhD in 1960 from Ohio State. He was involved in studies on management with a special focus on personality traits of leaders. His studies also made scientific connections between personality, power and leadership in organizations (Leadership Legacy Program, 2017). He authored more than 130 publications and is best known for the Path-Goal Theory. He passed away in 2011. Leadership Theory: The Path-Goal theory states that leaders support and encourage their followers to the set organizational goals by clearly articulating the path they should follow. Four styles of leading are associated with his model: directive, supportive, achievement-oriented and participative. Bernard Bass: Bass (1925-2007) was a scholar who was instrumental in the development of Organizational and Industrial Psychology. He authored more than 400 academic articles that focused on leadership. He is credited with refining and developing the ideas of James Burn on transformational leadership into a viable theory. Leadership Theory: The transformational leadership theory states that leaders affect their followers by transforming them into behaviors that are ideal through motivation. His theory rests on four pillars: motivation, intellectual stimuli, consideration on the individual and influence which is idealized (Sun Chen Zhang, 2017). The moral character of the leader is also emphasized in this model of leading. Question two- The context of Lewins theory with regard to leaders is whether to be actively involved in leading or being hands off in their approach (Billig, 2015). The degree of participation in leading comes across as the key challenge within the context of this model. The challenge is whether to take the central position and make all the decisions or allow for participation by other people. The challenge of leaders in relation to the Path-Goal theory is leading where there is no clear organizational road map to lead the employees towards goals. This is the challenge in organizations going through crisis, change or take-over. The leader then takes it upon them to set goals and chart the path for the employees. The challenge faced by leaders within the context of the transformational model is where the leader works in an environment with poor motivation, high turn-over and low productivity with no role models. This model sets to establish the leader as the role model in providing leadership that is transformational. Question three- Lewins Theory strengths and weaknesses: The major strength of Lewins theory is that it allows for participation in the democratic and Laissez models. Greater participation allows for broader inclusion of diverse perspectives which is beneficial (Billig, 2015). Weakness: The major weakness is that there is lack of owning up to responsibility in the laissez-faire style while leaders are hidden in the economics model postulated by Lewin. House Path-Goal theory: The strength of this theory is that it is the best approach in situations where there are time constraints. It leads to quick turnaround in emergency situations in organizations. Weakness: If the leader who is charting the path has flaws, the whole exercise of leading stands to fail (Phillips Phillips, 2016). It puts too much faith on the leader who may not always be rational when leading. Bass Transformational theory: The strengths of transformational leadership are that it is useful when a new organizational vision is required. It is inspiration and can quickly raise employee motivation and morale in an organization (Suk Bong, Kihwan Seung-Wan, 2017). Weakness: It is often scant in the details which may lead to confused goals and targets. When not used within moral boundaries, it is subject to abuse. Question four- The best style of leading is the transformational model in that it carries changes which are lasting at the individual and organizational level. Employee awareness of the importance of the tasks they undertake is increased, while focus shifts to the team and not the individual. Employees will work hard to improve productivity being motivated because it is the right thing to do and not for the sake of reward. Question five- The Transformational Leadership is the most relevant for organizations, based on the article written by Simon Markland (2015), Transactional or Transformational-Which Leadership Style is Best? This article compares the transactional and transformational styles comparing their strengths and shortcomings. Famous and successful entrepreneurs such as Richard Branson and Bill Gates have used the transformational model of leading within their organizations. Question six- The research approach taken is qualitative that makes use of the analysis of textual materials and literature review of scholarly articles (Barnham, 2015). This involved doing research using internet resources in order to identify articles that focus on the above theorists and their models. Literature review of the articles perused was then used to choose three relevant models and the most relevant amongst the three. Question seven- The limitation for the research was to the practical application of the models that have been postulated above. Most of the theories are theoretical in nature and presented as such in the articles used. There is no linkage with empirical evidence as to their claims in organizational application. The lack of accompanying quantitative research limits its authenticity in practical use and this may call for more quantitative studies to be undertaken in the future. References Barnham, C. (2015). Quantitative and qualitative research. International Journal of Market Research, 57(6), 837-854. doi:10.2501/IJMR-2015-070 Billig, M. (2015). Kurt Lewin's Leadership Studies and His Legacy to Social Psychology: Is There Nothing as Practical as a Good Theory? Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 45(4), 440-460. Daniels, V. (2017). Kurt Lewin Notes. Sonoma State University. Retrieved from https://web.sonoma.edu/users/d/daniels/lewinnotes.html Leadership Legacy Program. (2017). Robert House. Retrieved from https://www.ila-net.org/LeadershipLegacy/Robert_House.html Markland, S. (2015). Transactional or Transformational: Which Leadership style is Best? Switch and Shift. Retrieved from https://www.ceo.com/leadership_and_management/transactional-or-transformational-which-leadership-style-is-best/ Phillips, A. S., Phillips, C. R. (2016). Behavioral Styles of Path- Goal Theory: An Exercise for Developing Leadership Skills. Management Teaching Review, 1(3), 148. doi:10.1177/2379298116639725 Suk Bong, C., Kihwan, K., Seung-Wan, K. (2017). EFFECTS OF TRANSFORMATIONAL AND SHARED LEADERSHIP STYLES ON EMPLOYEES' PERCEPTION OF TEAM EFFECTIVENESS. Social Behavior Personality: An International Journal, 45(3), 377. doi:10.2224/sbp.5805 Sun, J., Chen, X., Zhang, S. (2017). A Review of Research Evidence on the Antecedents of Transformational Leadership. Education Sciences, 7

The Grey Snowman and The Road to Sampo an Example of the Topic Literature Essays by

The Grey Snowman and The Road to Sampo In The Grey Snowman and The Road to Sampo, the authors are speaking to themes that are much more important than just in the context of their individual stories. Instead, the authors are doing their best to characterize life in Korea as a whole, noting the meaning of many key things. Through their representations and their works, the authors indicate the meaning of "home" in their Korean context. They discuss the way in which individuals feel about their homes and how the idea of "home" is an important one in Korean society. Even though the characters struggle significantly to reconcile their feelings on "home" with their newfound lives, an everlasting idea of home still persists throughout the work. This is something that is most assuredly worth studying, and it is one of the primary reasons why the two works in question are such powerful literary representations of Korean culture at large. Through unique and interesting storytelling, these things are brought to light in different wa ys in these two differing works. The characters are experiencing things that are unique and distinct, but some of the feelings that they hold are the same. For these characters, "home" is a less than positive influence on an otherwise meaningful life, even if they do not wish that it was that way. Need essay sample on ""The Grey Snowman" and "The Road to Sampo"" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed College Students Usually Tell EssayLab professionals:I'm don't want to write my paper. Because I want to spend time with my boyfriendSpecialists advise: Find Brilliant Papers For Sale HereCustom Essay Company Review Essays For Money Pay To Write Papers Cheap Writing Service Reviews The idea of home is something that is very important in the two works. Though many works throughout history have represented home as a positive place and a positive idea, that is not what one can see in The Grey Snowman. Instead, home is a place that comes with somewhat limiting connotations, and it is a place that the author does not long to be. The author does not waste much time in showing her feelings on her home, documenting some of her experiences after she had gone out on her own. She writes, "I was tormented, in those days, by a fear that someone from my hometown would come and take me back. That would have meant giving up my tiny room, and so I never felt free (Yun, p. 62). The language in this passage is important, as it shows the very real disdain that the author had for her situation at home. She uses the term torment to show that the idea of going back home was something inherently negative. Additionally, the author paints a picture of home as a place that is worse than any struggle she was then facing. Though life was not perfect, as she was living in a small apartment and she was forced to take on a host of jobs, that struggle was much better than the idea of being dragged back into her old world. That world was limiting and it offered no opportunities. It was a drab, cold place where she could accomplish nothing and where she would be expected to give up her goals and dreams. This is the representation of home that this particular author brings to the table, and it is one that goes against what most literary works represent about home. In The Road to Sampo, Youngdal is running from his hometown and looking for something new. This is yet another author that does not waste time in showing the reader another picture of what home meant in Korean society. There is an encounter very early on when Youngdal meets up with a man who is heading back to his home. The author makes it very clear that the two men are on opposite paths, with Youngdal moving toward a new goal and a new life. He is one the run, so to speak, and does not look back toward his home. This is similar to the picture of home that is presented in The Grey Snowman. Home is something that the characters are anxious to leave behind. It is not a typical story of individuals growing up in a town, then taking what they have learned to a new area to make something of themselves. Instead, these stories paint home as a place that is wicked, and the people who stay in those places are not making the most of what they are given. There is an active effort to move away from home and to start a new, invigorated life somewhere else. The authors represent home as a somewhat different world from the larger cities of opportunity around Korea, and this is what the reader has to take from the early opinions on home in that society. In Korea, people saw their homes constantly changing.. In its purest form, the modernization movement was about some cities getting bigger and offering more opportunities for people to take advantage of. Not only were opportunities for professional advancement present with modernization, but other opportunities persisted, as well. For instance, individuals could choose to eat and shop at different places, since modern cities had those kinds of choices. This created quite a distinction to behold, as folks were forced to view their home for what it was. In Korea, a situation existed where some cities were left behind, and both of these stories speak to that fact. These individuals were forced to abandon home because home could not keep up with the changing dynamic of the Korean nation. The movement was not wide reaching and it did not sweep up everyone and bring them along for the ride. Instead, it was somewhat exclusionary, taking some cities and rendering others mostly useless. This can be seen in some of the early dialogue of The Road to Sampo. Youngdal is speaking about how a certain city does not have all of the modern conveniences that he has seen in other areas. The author writes, 'This place is too small', objected Chung. 'There don't seem to be any eating places or stores here' (Seok-young, p. 193). Though opportunities existed and people were able to charge after them, Korea seems to be a place that is splintered by the modern movement. There are haves and have-nots, with a distinct line between those groups. Because of the technologies and trappings available to some, the country has lost some of its unity, and it is most certainly not uniform in any way. This is why the characters in both works seem resentful of home, if not downright ashamed of where the have come from. As The Grey Snowman indicated, home was something that could jump up at any time and drag a person back down. Because many people had homes that were left behind, they were forced to part with the identity of those homes, as well. In The Grey Snowman, there is a representation of something that made cities less friendly and less inviting. The cities suddenly became cold, and the author has a difficult time finding her place where she is. This creates a stark contrast between home and where the author finds herself as the story moves along. Though she makes it very clear that she does not want any part of her home in the sense of its ability to offer opportunity, she still seems to long for some aspects of home. She is pursuing opportunity and doing her best to make a better life, it is hard to argue that she is having a good time. This is the fickle reality of moving away from home. As people forge ahead and attempt to move into the modern world, some of the old, intimate portions of life at home are lost. Cities were impersonal, and the author found life to be something without a ton of purpose. She notes her experiences, wandering the streets without truly having a place to go. This is what the city into, as it was no longer a living, breathing entity. Instead, it was a business center full of cold streets and even colder buildings. Though she does not seek everything that goes along with life at home, she is certainly reaching out for a few of the old ways. The friendliness and familiarity are the primary things missing from her new found life, and that is something that seems to cause a great deal of interpersonal trouble for the author. Another theme that is discussed in these works is how home can change over time. Though The Grey Snowman represents a world that will not change, The Road to Sampo talks about how home can modify itself into something new over time. Chung is unaware of what his home has become, and he has falsely asserted that his home could not be the home to any industry. In his conversation with the old man toward the end of the work, he reacts with surprise when he is told that Sampo is now a place where bulldozers are operated and people have a chance to make something of themselves. What this speaks to is the idea that home can burn an image in a person's head. When most people think about home, they tend to believe in an image of what it might have been like when they were children. Even though times change, people change, and cities change, Chung has no awareness of what his own hometown has become since the last time he was there. Additionally, this moment shows a situation where Chung longs for his hometown to stay the way it was. He does not want some of the pure parts of Sampo to be overrun by the new industry that has moved into the area. This is similar to what the reader sees in the first work, as the author of that work longs for the simplicity of home in a different way. In both of these works, one can see that the "idea" of home is something that is often on the minds of characters, even if they would rather have the opportunities that exist elsewhere. This represents a major theme in Korean history and Korean culture. The struggle to maintain a new life, while balancing the need for some of the things that home can provide is one that many individuals faced as the country moved into the modern era. Home is many things and it presents a highly personalized theme. People view home in their own context, and most individuals long for parts of home. Still, these two works show home as something that is not exactly positive. It can be limiting, and it can jump up and pull people down. Though home has some positives, the majority of emotions regarding home are patently negative, which creates quite a conundrum for the authors of these works. The lack of opportunity that often accompanies home makes individuals brave the difficult, modern world, which can often be a cold and unforgiving place. Works Cited Yun, Ch'oe. The Grey Snowman. Hwang, Seok-young. The Road to Sampo.